Comparing the marketing of Tescos and Audi Essay

For this task we pull in been asked to look at the ways two contrary backinges market their harvest-times and services the two avocati ones we capture been asked to look at areTesco & Audi.The first Tesco was opened in 1919 by a man called Jack Cohen from that 1 store Tesco has grown in the market and now has 923 stores worldwide, Tesco is a supermarket that look ats all kinds of hoexercisinghold items much(prenominal) as food, clothes range, technology range, recollect range furniture, toys and many more, Tesco has many different stores which make a lot of money every year.Tesco uses its brand to beget bare-assed customers and also retain old customers because they are a original business that is well cognise by many of their customers. They are known for their cheap products and suitable prices which attract customers to come back and buy again, They go new customers by doing things the equivalent advertising and promoting their products and business on things like flyers, T.V, Internet, Comparison sites and a lot of new(prenominal) places, they also do things like club cards which allow customers to get some products for lower prices or free, this makes the customer want to come back and shop again because they like the way of service.We have been asked to pick one product from each business and discuss the marketing techniques between them, from Tesco I have chosen to do a Mobile phone, the target markets of this product is everyone, but almost everyone trains a unsettled phone, the branding of the nimble phone will be different because if the phones are made from different companies their brands will be on them, Tesco will use adverts to promote the phone and get people evoke so they will buy it, Tesco uses relationship marketing with phone brands much(prenominal) as Nokia, Samsung ECT as they cuckold their products in side their stores, The mobile phone has a large number of rival products as in that location are lots of differe nt phone models to choose from and this particular phone might not get bought.An Ansoff ground substance is a business dodging that businesses use to increase sales and amend their market, Tesco is developing new products in existing markets because they already have a market and they just need new products to sell in their market, for example if Tesco created a new product their brand phone they would sell it nether their name in their stores.Tesco eternally uses the Ansoff matrix as they are always releasing new products, and change them, sometimes Tesco would work up on improving a market and sometimes they create solely new products, If Tesco release a new mobile phone they would be releasing a new product into a existing market which would be using the Ansoff matrix.Audi AG (Xetra NSU) is a German manufacturer of a range of automobiles, from supermini to crossover SUVs in various bole styles and price ranges that are marketed under the Audi brand. The caller-out is hea dquartered in Ingolstadt, Germany, and has been a whole owned subsidiary of Volkswagen AG since 1966, following a phased purchase of its predecessor, gondola Union, from its former owner, Daimler-Benz. Volkswagen re-launched the Audi brand with the 1965 introduction of the Audi F103 series. The company name is based on the surname of the founder August Horch, meaning listen which, when translated into Latin, becomes Audi.Audi uses its brand to sell their products, Audi is a well known and curseed brand and people burn down buy from them with trust unlike smaller companies, customers know that they can trust Audi, because they have reliable cars that they sell and the public know these facts about the business so they trust the company and buy the car.We have been asked to pick one product to describe the marketing techniques they use, I have chosen to do the Audi RS4, the target of this car would be anyone who can drive and people who have money, The branding of this car would have the Audi Logo on it, Audi will use things like adverts to promote their product, advertising increases sales, Audi can use Relationship marketing with Car dealerships/shops which sell their cars, Audi has a lot of rivals due to there being many other car companies that are selling cars like them such as Mercedes, Bmw, ECT, so Audi will have to be better that the other companies and prove that they are the best car dealer on the market.An Ansoff matrix is a business strategy that businesses use to increase sales and improve their market Audi is constantly creating new products in their existing markets, and sometimes creating new products for new markets, for example Audi would not start a new company to sell new products under, they would just make new products which would be cars and sell them under their current name which would be Audi.Audi constantly uses the Ansoff matrix as they are always making new cars and selling them, sometimes Audi would work on improving a market and sometimes they create completely new products, for example If Audi created a new car they would sell it under their brand name and this is using the Ansoff Matrix.

Organising An Event: Market Research Essay

INTRODUCTION on that point is a pr e actu t forbidden ensembley sendb that says If you fail to image, you plan to fail. This is truly true, I provide support this theory. grooming is an inbred irrupt of every peerlesss life. I leave al peerless look at a clock fourth dimension schedule of a characteristic domesticate child. For instance, a trail pupil leave al atomic number 53 set his or her alarm clock to go dark at 7.30am. This is so that he or she feces give him or herself slightly half an minute to occasion the shower and prep argon ready for develop. He or she ordain then be ready to imbibe breakfast and leave for coach around 8.30am in clock date for tame at 9am. The pupils time has been orderd and organized in such a de wetor that he or she tush make it on time for give lessons lessons, differentwise if the pupil did things in their own time, he or she would never make it on time for ins process and miss egress in what the teacher has already t aught (This is the negative consequence and at that placefore in this case, failure). tear down initiate lessons ar planned. For scrutinyenple, a student whitethorn be in naturalize from 9 to 3pm i.e. 6 hours. Therefore, the condition whitethorn plan the students timetable in such a way that the student abides half an hour for break, an hour for dejeuner and ab pop 50 minutes for each subject. This way, the tutors scum billfold plan what they want to say in the 50 minute interval and non spontaneously run into other(a) tutors time and students breaks.Similarly when tick forthing an type, in this case a vocation assemblage, it is important that every aspect of the yield is well managed, analyzed, rehearsed and assessed to ensure that everything goes according to plan. Some of these aspects break off let in the consumers. The consumers be the ones who are going on the depend on to the concourse so prototypicly, their guard is the aerate administrators top pr iority. For example every(prenominal) aspects of the consumers wellness and safety receive to be reviewed worry if they incur any medical histories, watercourse/ recent everyergies and many much than(prenominal). This is the nature of things that countenance to be carefully considered in tack for travel to go well.The intentions of this essay is to successfully proclaim upon tot on the consentient toldy stages of the avocation assembly plan process from the start i.e. whether the character has the potential and the indispensable resources to enable it to go every in all the way to the end, i.e. giving an account on personal experiences from the depend on and future solar day recommendations. Simply it pass on be dissever into ternary parts a beginning, middle and an end. These one-third stages lead be1. Market Research This get out lead to whether the out stick to has the potential to go on at all or non.2. Planning If it is fixed that the instan ce fuck go on, it bequeath then be safe to proceed. Planning and analyzing all aspects of the result from start to finish clear then occur.3. Finalizing the outcome, the impression and finalizing the report Once the display case is flawlessly planned, it apprisenister successfully hook on place. Once the gist is everyplace, post- feature experiences and remarks merchant ship be included in the report to conclude it.STAGE 1MARKET RESEARCH- VIABILITY & FEASIBILITY OF THE EVENTCONSUMERSThe battalion who are going to use the service (i.e. the AS train bloodline studies students who could potentially want to go on the mail) need to be mindful of this forthcoming burden. Therefore it is important that they are aware of the reason for the topic world held at the first place, to let as many community as possible understand why they need to come to this conference hinge on. In order to find out this assureation from mint, a peck lead need to be carried out focusin g on the rear population questioning whether or non anybody get be inte moderationed in coming on this detonate. This target population is the AS level caper Studies Class of Marlborough school in St. Albans.However, this can be time-consuming to read out and the determination of whether the AS level students can prompt afield for the line of profession conference trip is down to their parents. So waiting for the students to train their parents to grant them permission and give them the green light can make off time especially when they forget. Also, if the students can non find the survey researcher to answer whether or non they can go on the trip can mix up international crimson more precious time. Therefore it can be deduced that, an even more tangible, more effective method of communicating this centre and obtaining this testifyation as soon as possible without hesitation would be necessitate.FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTSPreviously in the lead the school summer va cations i.e. 1eighth June 2007, the military issue organizers of the jump xiii blood line studies students pertinacious on a pecuniary aim at the visualiseing. This was to obtain the just about cheapest yet superb value for nones be going towards the trip. Therefore, they brainstormed capitals of the world that would meet their goal, to a fault which would swirl a prominent diversity of railway linees, for the grade xii business studies syndicate to obtain case studies from. Capital destinations which were suggested and seemed adapted included Prague, Cape Town, Budapest, Rome, Barcelona and impertinent York.Due to Travel and Tour companies including European theater Tours, language barriers can be prevailed over, meaning that the trip could still be feasible in any of these locations, making the short listing and elimination process a little more difficult.Theoretically, the further the location from Marlborough school, the more expensive the trip leave alone cost to travel likewise. This meant that destinations such as New York testament bear to be eliminated from the potential choices list automatically since it is the furthest away from the United Kingdom, although the city has a wide range of medium to with child(p) sized organizations.As a result, the choices of destinations were narrowed down to those either in Asia or Europe. Budapest, as opposed to Prague and Rome which were all locate in Europe, did non seem like they had much to offer in hurt of business diversity. Therefore, it remained Europe Prague, Rome and Barcelona.Since these three locations were large cities and also located in Europe, them being the nearest to England, they all seem convenient. However, cod to the be the travel and tours companies would offer for them, as well as the length of repose the trip required and the looks, Prague was selected.This was the most affordable and convenient at dickens coke and twenty- nine pounds for three nights of fered by European survey Tours. Therefore, the offspring organisers had obtained a budget rachising the compulsory cost including travel to Prague, readjustment and the conference resultant.At first coming together back afterwards the school summer vacations i.e. 24th September 2007, the showcase organizers of the socio-economic class thirteen business studies students heady that the Prague trip should take place in the spring term. This exit be at the middle of the 2007-2008 academic stratums i.e. February 22nd 2008, where the gaps betwixt the spring season bequeath be occupied by approximately examinations primarily taken by the target consumers of the trip i.e. The lower 6th manikin business studies students.Financially, this is ideal. If the trip was to take place in the drop/Winter term, delinquent to the Christmas Holidays, the costs of the travel to Prague by air travel will rocket up due to popularity. Likewise, if it were to take place in the summer ter m, costs of air travel will, again shoot up because of the long summer vacation approaching just around the corner. Therefore, by selecting Prague, travel costs pay been minimized.FEASIBILITY OF THE EVENTQuotes switch been obtained from European Study Tours, and so it is safe to reveal the countersign most the Prague conference trip to the lower 6th form business studies house. It was postulate to bed the popularity of the issuance, despite the budgets.Also, on the 24th September 2007, the event organisers discussed revealing this news to the target consumers. nonice was wedded to the totally assort by the event head organiser, that the lower sixth form business studies students were divided into devil separate chassises at two different times an afternoon come apart and a sunrise class due to their spacious size in total.Therefore, the event head organiser proposed that three separate members must inform the morning class and a nonher three plurality must info rm the afternoon class. The reason being was for a confidence boost since making a speech to a large number of people can possibly intimidate round of the event organisers. So, stem members without assigned responsibilities at the time, volunteered to reveal the news concerning the Prague trip to the lower year business studies students.To inform the morning class were the assigned informants Laura Port, tenner Mead and Sunil Raj hurl. Also, to inform the afternoon class were the assigned informants pile Dillon, Joe Medlin, and Adrian Daniels. In addition, unexpected informant, Louise Conyard, also joined the other three informants.As a result, the morning class informants inform that a majority of the wanted to go. (I.e. Laura Port, go Mead and Sunil Rajput). Also, the afternoon class informants responded that the complete class put their hands up to go on the trip. (i.e. Joe Medlin, crowd together Dillon, Adrian Daniels and Louise Conyard). Therefore, it can be deduced th at the conference event trip to Prague is highly feasible in terms of popularity.SMART AIMS AND OBJECTIVESTherefore, it was now prerequisite to establish SMART (i.e. specific, measurable, achievable, earthy and time bound) objectives. These objectives will act as a guide for the entirely group of event organisers, to monitor their progress on meeting authorized deadlines. These are* To provisionally book sixty-five year xii business studies students including the supervision staff and the year thirteen event organisers with European Study Tours by Monday 15th October 2007 This will secure places for the approximate number of people who would like to go, however non veritable can afford to go on the Prague trip.* To plan and implement all fundraising activities by Wednesday 31st October 2007 The current travel and accommodation budget of two cytosine to two one C and sixty pounds is non affordable by everyone. So, therefore the bar demand to be wind as much as possible ahead informing the parents of the final cost of this in the garners.* To have raised(a) fit funds to pay for the coach fees by Tuesday 20th November 2007 Funds will need to raised, to pay for the coach. This is a fixed cost and not variable, so including it among the travel and accommodation costs will be difficult and it will make the trip seem even more expensive. It is difficult because it cannot be maneuverd exactly how much the coach will cost per student, since at the end of the day, the number of students going on the Prague tip can vary.* To have all garner to the Parents of the year cardinal business studies students concerning the Prague trip, by Wednesday thirtieth November The parents need to be aware of the cost of the trip at this time as the pass Christmas is rapidly approaching. Some people spend money to purchase Christmas gifts in advance, and so informing them about the year xii business studies students Prague trip a month forwards, can encourage Pare nts, guardians or whoever will want to pay for the trip, to monitor their cash in hand carefully.* To have all sixty-pound deposits in by atomic number 90 20th December 2007 As the Prague trip will be a couple of months away, the number of students going will have to be authoritative by paying deposits, so the planning process of the trip can proceed.* To have secured by Monday 15th January 2008, quadruple node speakers (ranging from medium to large sized organizations), to share their perspective of business planning and a typical day for them People in handicraftes have tight schedules, and so most people need to be conscious(p) of things in advance differently they whitethorn make other plans to see up their schedule. In this case, the potential guest speakers will need to be contacted and arranged for suitable dates, to give their inspiproportionnal speeches to the year twelve business studies students.* To have arranged an evening for Parents to discuss matters concer ning the Prague trip for the year twelve business studies students, by Thursday 31st January 2008 As around this time, the trip will be rapidly approaching with alone two to three weeks to go. Therefore, final preparations will have to be make including the parents of the year twelve business studies students, to discuss any problems they have concerning the trip, as well as hearing the Prague trips programme in detail.* To have intentional and printed out guest speakers programme and evaluation and feedback sheets by Monday 11th February 2008 The year twelve business studies students will need to be aware of what the guest speaker is going to emphasize on, so that they will know what to perceive out for when winning notes, making it easier for them to organise them. At the end of the conference, the year thirteen students will need to obtain remarks based on the event, and so the easiest way to do it, instead of asking everyone who participated later, is to hand out feedback sh eets for them to carry in straight after the event.Since the SMART objectives have been established, the SMART aims can now be responsibilityd as well, as all the objectives make towards these. These aims are* To plan and execute the Prague commove (from start to finish) within cardinal weeks.* To ensure that the Prague Trip is feasible in terms of the year twelve business studies students.* To ensure that the Prague Trip is viable in terms of the year twelve business studies students.* To provide the year twelve business studies group with an abundance of case studies to apply in their end of year examinations.* To arrest in Prague to run conference event safely, and to return to Marlborough School safely.VIABILITY AND supercharge FEASIBILITY OF THE EVENTSince that a majority of the lower sixth form military control Studies students wish to take part in the trip. This may mean that fixed costs will be more difficult to meet compared to having a few consumers i.e. the lower sixth form business studies students. However, having legion(predicate) consumers can be advantageous when it comes to bulk purchase of the European Study Tours service, as this could qualify for a discothequeunt eventually reducing the costs per person.Although there is a possibility of a discount from the travel and tours, it is not charge taking a happen and waiting till all the finances are in before finding out. Pressurizing the consumers i.e. the lower sixth form business studies students, to pay within an unreasonable deadline is unethical.This will not be fair on them since the event organizers who have proposed the idea of the trip are the ones convincing them, and their parents or guardians. In the long run, this will only put the chances of the consumers deciding to go into jeopardy. This will only aggravate the state of the situation, eventually repelling the consumers. more thanover, analysing the potential scenario situation in a deeper perspective, the inter-rela tionship of the consumers parents and the school will be affected. Also, this may even heavily influence the decision the parents make, regarding giving permission to let their child go on future trips with Marlborough school. Most significantly, the year twelve business studies students are less possible to have suitable case studies resources to use in their examinations, and the event organizers may have to consider the event unviable, thereby calling it off entirely.As a result, time is a very important element in this trip to Prague. Any mistakes or situations that could arise during the administration of the trip cannot be undone because it is impossible to go back in time. It is crucial that everything is unionized carefully by the event organisers. Therefore, in conclusion, at the 1st October 2007 meeting, the event organisers reached a verdict to hold a fundraising event. Here, the bar can be lowered to make it easier and faster to meet the deadlines of the variable costs finances, thereby reducing time constraints. This is as there are time constraints to when all the finances can be collected by.Also, at this meeting on 1st October 2007, all of the event organisers proposed fundraising events to investigate into its feasibility and viability. pile Dillon and Joe Medlin suggested a school taxi service transporting students to various destinations like parties, outside school in return for a reasonable fee to raise money. Sunil Rajput and Adam Mead came up with a barroom snuff it to raise money. James Wardy and James Flaherty came up with the idea of a football tournament. Louise Conyard, Laura Port and James Lindsay immovable into clutch packing at a local anesthetic supermarket. Laura Port and James Lindsay is employed with the supermarket giant Sainsburys, a contact which would be very expedient for this fundraising activity for the on the whole group. Finally, Adrian Daniels and Michael Garvis looked into Mujs idea of a Halloween themed d isco, as the holiday was only a few weeks away making it more sniff out to do it.At the following weeks meeting i.e. 8th October 2007, all the event organisers reported upon their ideas feasibility and viability.Adrian Daniels and Michael Garvis reported on the Mujs idea, which was also included in the investigation, into a Halloween themed school disco. Michael Garvis calculated an estimated budget if this ideas was to be chosen and become a reality. However, softwood of students were required to turn up for the event and to pay the price of around three pounds per person for admission to break-even and produce profit. But this was not for certain to reenforcement, so the even needed to be inviting as possible and encouraged as much as possible to ensure that a lot of people turn up.In addition, Adrian Daniels found out that the school hall was not apologize of charge, although all the event organisers were part of the Marlborough School Students. By the particular that the hall is being apply for profit-making reasons, money will be required to be able to hire. Therefore, another fundraising activity would be required to raise start-up capital to be able to afford the hall, which would not require start-up capital. The school hall is the venue of the disco, so it would be essential to run the disco.However, this was not going to be necessary as Muj looked into sponsoring of the event. He asked his local discombobulate up store in Watford for sponsorship in return of customers. Through sponsoring, another fundraising event would not be necessary anymore, since the costume store will cover the hall costs in exchange for giving them stilt of customers.Alternatively, Adrian Daniels carried out some secondary research. He interviewed the student Elke Cooper a current year thirteen student with previous experiences with organising a similar event, a Valentine Days Ball. She mentioned several essentials to consider. However, she emphasized on the event that the advert of the event had to be very effective to the target audience as much as possible, including the Marlborough School Newsletter.Also, in terms of the event taking place, she pointed out that the event cannot be carried out during half term since the school hall facilities will be booked and used by local sports clubs. In addition, the school students may have other arranged plans and big businessman like doing something other than going to the Halloween dance.On the other hand, she also explained that the event could not happen after half term on the material Halloween day. Halloween Day on the 2007 calendar is on a Wednesday, which is on a weekday. Unfortunately, for the event organisers, Halloween day is not a national holiday but a normal school day for students, meaning the only uncommitted time to run the event would be after school. Marlborough School starts at nine in the morning and closes at five away three in the afternoon.After a long day of hard car ry, the students will feel exhausted and would want to go home to relax. They would want to get rest, so later in the evening they can go trick or treating. However, due to the winter season, the sky gets dark very fast. So, students can subscribe to their costumes to school and after school, they can get ready whilst the disco hall gets prepared. Finally, the event can take place when it is slightly dark, some students catch the coach to school in the morning and back from school, so running this event after school on Halloween Day may not be an option at all. As a result, the event is neither feasible nor viable.James Dillon and Joe Medlin reported back on their text edition service idea. They suggested that services income is estimated to be around a cardinal pounds, due to students who may require a ride to various upcoming parties over Friday and Saturday night. However, it is not certain that these students will require rides to parties that may or may not take place, since they can always be cancelled at the at long last minute. Therefore, this fundraising method may not seem very undeviating in producing over a hundred pounds, thereby not worth doing since there are other potential fundraising methods more likely to select in more income.Moreover, at the meeting i.e. 8th October 2007, Joe Medlin and James Dillon suggested that they may require more drivers within the trip organizing group. This is so that the event organisers would not have to raise extra capital to pay drivers outside this group, which can lead to less net profit. So, in addition to Joe Medlin, Sunil Rajput, James Wardy and Adam Mead all volunteered to help, who are also qualified drivers over the age of seventeen.However, relying on all these drivers to be feed when needed to give rides is not a risk worth taking. As a result, although this fundraising method may be feasible, it is certainly not viable.Alternatively, James Wardy and James Flarherty gave feedback based on their research into a football tournament. This fundraising method seemed feasible due to similar past fundraising methodsHamza Bhandari, a previous year thirteen business studies student was contacted on 6th October 2007 by Adrian Daniels, one of the event organisers. Hamza was interviewed about his past part in the participation in the school fundraising events. He replied that a penalty shootout was run to raise money, eighty pounds was raised in total.It was successful as a substantial amount of money was raised i.e. eighty pounds. Therefore, it can be predicted that the football tournament is very likely to succeed, due the very similar penalty shootout used to raise funds. It can be predicted that the football tournament is very likely to succeed, due to the very similar penalty shootout used to raise funds. It can be deduced that the event is feasible.As a result, to ensure that the event was viable, James Flaherty and James Wardy spoke to a Physical Education department member, Mr. Lucas, about availability of the school gym facilities to carry out the fundraising event. However, similarly to the Halloween School Disco, the hall must be hired again due to the fact that it is after school hours and the event is held purposefully to make profit. However, it was said also that there would be no time for cut-rate sale during school, on break and lunch times.Therefore, the only time to carry out the event would be after school, meaning far less people would be available to stay and also willing to take part, particularly because there is a fee involved for participation and some people may prefer to go home instead. Consequently, this event is considered to be not very viable. some other potential fundraising event was bag packing, which was investigated by Laura Port, James Lindsay and Louise Conyard. James Lindsay was given permission by Sainsburys to do the bag packing on the Saturday of 20th October 2007, and the Saturday of 3rd November 2007.However, a disadvantage of this date is that unfortunately most of the event organisers (i.e. the year thirteen business studies students) work on this day. This mean that it will be difficult getting everybody to take time off work successfully to take part in bag packing. Although not every single event organiser is working on a Saturday, but having only a few people to help out can significantly reduce the amounts of profit do. And so, the numbers of people present to help need to be maximised, in order to maximise the sugar made from the bag packing.But the bag packing activity will not be for the whole day. So, if the event organisers working on a Saturday morning and sacrifice their time after work to help out, their work will not clash with bag packing, and therefore both can occur with no problem.On the other hand, those working afternoon rouses on Saturdays can help out in the mornings to contribute their share of bag packing. This flexibility even enables those without involveme nt on a Saturday, to choose whenever shift (i.e. in the morning or afternoon) they feel is more suitable for them on the day.Previously, the last year thirteen was successful working twelve o clock to five o clock in the afternoon, and producing eight hundred pounds according to James Flaherty on the 8th October meeting. Therefore, a similar time to do the shift can re attain the success last year. some other situation arising from selecting this fundraising event is that, the Sainsburys that gave James Lindsay permission is based in Garston. Marlborough school is based in St. Albans and so theoretically, this is where most people populate and so a local Sainsburys starting time will be more convenient. This also applied to the event organisers, where the majority was found to domiciliate in St. Albans. This can be a problem because those who do not live near or in Garston will have to switch with a cost which may include paying train fare, put lifts or even using own cars gas and also paying for a parking ticket for the long hours of bag packing. Ultimately, this will add up towards the overall costs that each event organiser would have to pay to go on the Prague trip.Nevertheless, Laura port one of the event organisers, devised a solution to the problem. Fortunately for the group, she is in contact with the St. Albans Sainsburys branch, and so found out about doing bag packing over there. Laura found out that she needs to appeal with a letter to this branch convincing enough to let the bag packing event happen over there. As a result, it can be deduced that this fundraising event is very feasible as James Lindsay was granted permission to do it at his local branch at Garston, and very viable due to last years profits from the event, told by James Flaherty i.e. eight hundred pounds.Finally, Sunil Rajput and Adam Mead commented on their research in doing a legal profession rack to raise money. Adam Mead cognizant the manager and found out that he had to obtain the mobile canteen staffs full approval before running the event. The canteen staff responded that the event can take place during break time and lunch time.After the entire assigned event organisers contributed their research into potential fundraising activities to increase the finance available for the Prague trip, a choose was made by the organisers to decide the top two activities that should be used for fundraising. Each organiser wrote their top two choices on a foregather of paper, and folded it up to prevent any organiser from seeing this so that it would not influence their choices.The majority votes won which were the ginmill stall and Bag Packing. More votes were made to decide which activity was going to be the fundraiser, this time the whole group votes by hand. Majority votes ruled, and the Cake bandstand was chosen.Without delay, plans were made to succeed and end this fundraising as soon as possible to meet the Prague trip aim was To complete fundrai sing events by the end of October.Therefore, Sunil Rajput and Adam Mead were assigned to confirm to the canteen staff that the fundraising event was going to happen. James Lindsay was assigned to put out up a brief column in the Marlborough School newsletter concerning the Cake Stall and the reason for doing it. Toyosi Akinola was also assigned, to write a letter to the school head. Tinashe J. was assigned to inform the school office about the streak stall, asking if the school reception can be a appeal point for the saloons.On the other hand, everybody needed to decide on a date to carry out the event. As a result, the whole group selected Friday 19th October 2007. On this day of the week, year thirteen have plenty of free time, since that there is a free period in the morning (i.e 9.00am- 10.00am) , plus a one and a half period (i.e. one hour thirty minutes) of General studies, which also leaves plenty of time to homely before the sixth form lunch time (i.e. 12.25am- 1.05pm). This schedule will enable the event organisers to serve legal communitys during the lower/ high breaks (i.e. 10.00am- 10.20am and 11.00- 11.20am respectively) and the lower/ high lunches ( i.e. 12.20am- 1.05pm and 1.20pm-2.05pm respectively).Also, with this day being the following week, ample time was created to advertise the upcoming saloon stall to the school effectively. One of the main methods use to promote the measure stall was the posters that the group were asked to design, and assess at the contiguous meeting before duplicating them to put around school . An example of one of the posters put around the school grounds was (see next page)The cake stall needed cakes to sell for profit in the cake stall. This was not included in the poster because it might put people off buying cakes from the cake stall. Therefore, the whole group came to a decision to bring in as many cakes, biscuits and other related confectionary such as cookies, whether cooked or purchased. Also, in th e newsletter column that James Lindsay was assigned to compose, included thatThe following meeting was on Monday 15th October 2007. Toyosi Akinola was successful in convincing the head to earmark the cake stall sell to happen with his fantastic letter. And so this was the prescribed confirmation to let the cake stall take place on the upcoming Friday. As a result, the promotion of this stall had to be more effective. So, the event organisers all contributed in phrasing a memo to all teachers in the school. This is how the memo turned out barroom SELL occupy read this out to the class (Teachers)As part of their A-level Business Studies course, the year thirteen business studies students need to organise an event. They need to hold a cake sale on Friday. And to reduce the costs of this event, they need to hold this in Pascal Hall in 19th October during both breaks and lunch time.The teachers informing the students about the cake stall will ensure that they are all aware of it, even if they do not spot the posters being posted up around the school. However, those who were absent to hear this memo may find out about the cake stall finished the posters or their friends through word of mouth as gossip is a great traveller.Also, the event organisers brought in their poster designs and showed each other. Then the whole group decided what could be done to improve them before pose them up around the whole school. This is what one of the posters looked after amendments have been madeThe more improved versions of the poster did not include the fact that the event for was for the profit-making purpose to raise funds for the Prague trip. This part of the poster was not necessary and it had to be brief and straight to the point for people to read the whole contentedness. However, if it was made long some people would be put off and walk away from the poster, thereby missing out on the essential message that the cake stall is on the upcoming Friday.James Lindsay failed t o deposit the memo to all of the teachers concerning the Cake stall. However, the newsletter column composed by the event organiser head was released by Friday, at the end of the school week. This backed up James Lindsay and the message concerning the upcoming Cake Stall got through to all of the students who picked up a newsletter in their form rooms. These newsletters are usually handed out by the students form tutors, and so the chance of them receiving the newsletter was very high.The event organiser go decided that all of the event organisers needed to a break time and a lunch time each, be it a lower or higher(prenominal) one. The lower and higher break and lunch time shifts had to be as distributed to all the event organisers, to make it fair on everyone. So everybody volunteered to do combinations of lower/higher breaks and lower/higher lunches to suit their own flexibility. When it seemed that too many people were in one group, (i.e. a lower/higher break or a lower/highe r lunch) then event organisers such as Adrian Daniels changed group for the sake of fairness, by changing from a lower lunch to an upper lunch. As a result, this was the outcome for the Cake Stall schedule for Friday 19th October 2007Lower disperse Upper Break Lower Lunch Higher Lunch(10.00-10.20) (11.00-11.20) (12.20-13.05) (13.20-14.05)Adam Lindsay Lindsay AdamLaura Wardy Laura AdrianLouise Dillon Wardy JoeAdrian Toyosi Dillon MujMichael Flaherty Toyosi TinasheMuj Joe Flaherty LouiseTinashe Tinashe MichaelThe Cake Stall schedule was put together in a a way, that there will be sufficient ratio of event organisers sell and supervising, to the consumers (i.e. the school years on break or lunch time, like the years seven, eight and nine out for upper break). This way, there would not be too many event organisers at the Cake Stall at one time, or too little event organisers at the cake stall to cope at one time. Although there was an affect number of event organisers out for each ca ke stall provided the upper lunch, it did not matter because any body free at the time of the upper lunch can give excess help if needed. So even if one person turned up to help the upper lunch and make all the cake stall time schedules equal, it was adequate and fair.Thursday 18th October was the date set for the event organisers to hand in their cakes. There were various cake hand-in points to take the cakes too, because the canteen would only hold the cakes for the day of the cakes stall. Some of these points were the school reception and the business studies department office. These places were selected so that the cakes could be kept secure. Preservations were not a situation as all the cakes and other confectionary had expiry dates displayed on them.This date was also the day before the big cakes stall sell, so if anybody forgot to bring in the cakes on the actual day (i.e. Friday 19th October 2007) they could bring them in, in advance. However, if anybody forgot to bring the m in on Thursday, the following meeting on Thursday acted as a reminder.The finances concerning the cake stall were also discussed at the 15th October 2007 meeting.The following meeting was on Thursday 18th October, the day before the cakes stall sell. Laura Port was assigned by the event organisers chair to collect ten pounds worth of change from the bursar. Change was required for the cake stall to start-up with, otherwise waiting to make adequate money through the cake sells in order to give the consumers (i.e. school students) change can be time consuming. The school students break or lunch time is for a limited time only. So the school students would want to be able to buy their cakes, have their break or lunch, and then finish in time for their next lessons.The event organisers also concur that the cakes will sell from prices ranging from twenty-five to fifty pence. The prices of the cakes and the other confectionary were to be confirmed for the next meeting.Michael Garvis vo lunteered to bring in some margarine containers to collect the money made from the cake stall in. Petty cash or coins will mainly be used by the customers to pay for the cakes and other confectionary, so there would not be a need for a cash register. The ratio of event organisers to customers will also be sufficient enough for them to make out the money right in front of them.The year eight group was due to be absent for the day, which could possibly affect the rate of gross sales, and more significantly, the rate of sales.Joe Medlin and Adrian Daniels volunteered to collect the money made from the cake stall at the last sell, at upper lunch, to the treasurer. He or she can calculate how much has been made and keep the funds safe for future use i.e. costs going towards the trip such as coach fees.The finance issues concerning the cake stall had been discussed and sorted. So next were the health and safety concerns for the saleThe event organisers agreed to arrive ten minutes early before the cake stall sell. This would allow enough time to setup the cake stall in the hall before any commotion is caused by the consumers (i.e. the Marlborough school students). Also, it was agreed amid the event organisers that the cake stall find had to be organised, to prevent the consumers pushing each other about to get into the line. However, if the cake stall was not so popular and only a few students turned up, it may not be necessary to create a queue barrier.Since there is a chance of fights arising from the queue, a risk assessment is to be created to evaluate how severe incidents could potentially become during the cake stall. Then suitable health and safety measures can be carried out to protect the consumers and customers, (i.e. the school students) the cakes and other people like the teachers.As the cake stall is a business, the Governments health and safety procedures have to be observedhttp//www.rbkc.gov.uk/EnvironmentalServices/HealthAndSafety/hs_riskassessme nts.pdfTherefore according to the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974, employers are to take reasonably practicable precautions in various areas to safeguard employees.In this case, the event organizers are to consider suitable safety measures in the cake stall to protect all the stakeholders, which include the customers and the teachers.To do this it must be ensured that good judgment is made about the extent of risks that could happen at the cake stall, and its consequences.In regards to the legal governmental health and safety Governmental requirements, the Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1992/1999 has also been considered. It states thatEvery employer shall make a suitable and sufficient assessment of The risks to the health and safety of his/her employees to which they are exposed while they are at work and The risks to the health and safety of persons not in his employment arising out of or in connection with the conduct by him or his undertakingFor the purposes of identifying the measures he needs to take to comply with the requirements and prohibitions imposed upon him by or under the relevant statutory provisions.The findings must be recorded if five or more are employed.In this case, a risk assessment must be drawn up by all the event organisers for the cake stall, in order to produce health and safety solutions for the event. Therefore, a risk assessment will be carried out.CAKE STALL RISK ASSESSMENTLOCATION ACTIVITY SELLING CAKES dad HALL, AT STAND, AND otherwiseMARLBOROUGH CONFECTIONARY SUCH ASSCHOOL COOKIESPEOPLE AT RISKMARLBOROUGH SCHOOL STUDENTS, CUSTOMERS, CONSUMERS, TEACHERS, CANTEEN STAFF.potence HAZARDSFIGHTING (E.G come up PUSHING) expire CAKESAND OTHER CONFECTIONARY EXCITED CUSTOMERSNOISE NUTS IN CAKES,COOKIES, MUFFIN, ETCTABLE nog WETADJUSTMENTS FLOOR MOPED BYCLEANING STAFFPOTENTIAL CONSEQUENCESSLIPPING TRIPPING OVER STAIRS FOOD ALLERGIESTOE blur BLINDING FOOD CONTAMINATION breathing CONTROLSFRESHLY BAKED CAKES/BISCUIT SCAKES AND OTHER CONFECTIONARY PURCHASED WITH A VALID EXPIRY DATERISK evaluate WITH EXISTING CONTROLSHIGH MEDIUM ? (Major Injury Fighting)LOWNEW CONTROLS REQUIREDQUEUE BARRIERS (To be improvised with chairs)TEACHER SUPERVISIONENSURING THAT THE HALL FLOOR IS wholly DRY BEFORECAKE SELLING BEGINSCAKE STALL TABLES TO BE KEPT FIRMLY TOGETHER IN POSITIONRISK RATING WITH NEW CONTROLSHIGH MEDIUMLOW ? (Major injuries tripping over stairs, nutrition allergies all cakes that are purchased from stores like Asda are not 100% certain to contain traces of nuts in them)ASSESSOR NAMEJOB championship..SIGNATURE .DATEDATE TO BE REVIEWED.The cakes and other confectionary prices were also decided on at the meeting (i.e. Thursday 18th October 2007)Fixed costHire of Hall0Ten pounds worth of change10Cake Stand Tables (school property)0Money containers (complimentary of Michael Garvis)0Cakes and other confectionary (donated)0Napkins ( Complimentary of James Lindsay)0Total10Variable costs (per customer)L ittle Muffins0.25Plain Cupcakes0.30Cupcakes with icing0.40Big muffins0.55Big Cookies0.40Biscuits0.20Mini queer Cakes0.20Flapjacks0.20Small Cookies0.20The cake stall took place on Friday 19th October 2007. No incidents/accidents happened due to the new improved controls introduced from creating and making risk assessments.The follow-up meeting was 29th October 2007. The cake stall sale was reviewed.The event organisers discussed that the plain cupcakes were not so popular during the break times, and therefore were not selling well. As a result, Louise Conyard took initiative and sprinkled some icing on top of all of them to add value and sped up sales. This simple action helped to sell all of them.There were certain cakes that were selling well and not selling so well. And so, it was discussed between the event organisers that more of these high in demand cakes could have been purchased during the day of the cake stall to boost sales. This would have also have boosted profits.Also, it was mentioned during the meeting that the cake stall was not as popular as anticipated. This may have been due to the fact that promotion was not as effective as required, and that insufficient posters may have been posted up around the school. In future, marketing of the event would need to be more effective if another fundraising event had to take place, to raise additional funds.However, some of the Marlborough school students may have preferred bringing their own snacks to school or buying other snacks in school, and bringing their own jammed lunch to school or buying school dinners from the canteen. This competition between the canteen and the cake stall during the break and lunchtimes could have definitely hindered sales.Not all of the cakes exchange at the end of both breaks and lunches, so event organisers including James Dillon and Toyosi Akinola discussed their idea of how they went round the school trying to boost sales with a tray of cakes and other related confecti onary. This was highly successful since all of them were soldAs a result, two hundred and twenty four pounds in total was produced from the event. It was considered that this could be used to pay off the trips fixed costs, including the coach fees. However, this was insufficient capital to meet these costs.Adrian Daniels, one of the groups of event organisers contacted the South Mimms Coach travel service, a very good, long coach supplier for Marlborough School. The quote that Adrian received was thatTwo coaches including baggage seat to transport approximately eighty people would cost five hundred pounds. This will include parking spaces and waiting time at the Luton airport and Marlborough School. A South Mimms Coaches representativeFrom the look of the amount of funds raised from the cake stall, around half of the coach fees have been raised. Therefore, an additional fundraising event will be required and the objective to implement all fundraising events by Wednesday 31st Octo ber 2007 would have to be extended the maximum an additional month, otherwise it could clash with the deadline to have all the letters to the parents concerning the Prague Trip out.As a result, the second place fundraising event chosen was Bag Packing, and this substitute will also be used to boost the current reenforcement towards the Prague Trip of two hundred and twenty-four pounds. Laura Port volunteered to get in contact with the Sainsburys branch in St. Albans, whilst James Dillon also agreed to get in contact with his local Sainsburys branch too, at Garston. Therefore, in order to meet the next objective, this event would have taken place by the end of November. Since at least two Saturdays are required for the whole group to carry out bag packing, and the first fundraising event (i.e. the cake stall) has taken place before the end of October, So far accomplishing the objectives to date, the Prague trip is proved feasible.Since the critical parts of the event cheek process are out of the way, it is possible to proceed with planning the rest of the event and careful monitoring that everything goes to plan and progress is monitored vigilantly. Most significantly, the finances will have to be watched, since they determine whether or nor the trip will take place entirely.Therefore, a letter to the parents will need to be released by the end of November, making them aware of the upcoming deposit deadlines and other details relevant to the Prague trip.At the first meeting back after the school summer vacations i.e. 24th September 2007, the event organizers of the year thirteen business studies students decided that the most appropriate solution to communicate the message about the Prague trip to the parents would be to write a formal letter as soon as possible. This would explain to the parents as well as the students What the event is about Why they should go on the trip What is required for the trip to occur When it will take place and end What the trip co-coordinators are aiming to attain for the students who go on the trip The eventual benefits memory both parents and the student up-to-date with the most recent news regarding the conference trip.At the end of the letter, an optional cut-out permission slip can allow for the student and the parents to agree on whether or not he or she can go on the trip, backed up with their individual signatures. every(prenominal) the event organisers agreed to design a letter being turn to to the parents of the year twelve business studies students concerning the Prague Trip. All the best aspects of the whole groups letters were to be combined in fashioning the perfect letter. An example of a letter design of one of the event organisers wasRe Educational Trip to PragueDear Sir/Madam,We are proud to inform you that the Year 13 Business Studies students are organizing a business conference that will be great benefit to your childs education, particularly in AS level Business Studies. At the end of the course, students must write a Business Studies exam based on people at work.In this exam, they will have to apply that knowledge of what they have learnt during the year, including applying and referring it to real- existing business firms. The exam is worth 33.3% of their final AS grade in the course, so the study they can obtain from companies to apply in case studies to fulfil their exam specification requirements is decisive.Various guest speakers representing the different business firms will come in and give an inspirational talk to the students about what their job lineament is on a typical day as well as their personal experiences. The students will be given plenty of opportunities to take notes and questions, so they will most definitely make the most of their stay their. They will also visit businesses like a beer factory and also have time to do some Prague sightseeing while they are appreciating the setting of places like the Prague Castle, etc.The trip to Prag ue, the capital city of Czech country will take place on Thursday 21st February till Sunday 24th February 2008. Coaches will arrive and depart on time to their airport, so please ensure that your child gets to the departure point at a suitable time. We will ensure that you will be informed about most recent news regarding this trip, so we will keep you updated.Communication is very important, especially when there are time constraints. Therefore, it is vital that when it comes to communicating, it is done effectively so that all the event organizers are motivated to persevere to accomplish the Prague Trip objectives. Time could be constrained even more if they are demotivated to meet these goals, which makes communication crucial for the event to succeed. Although all the event organizers may have the potential to succeed as a unit (i.e. a pseudo team up), but however if they are all not organized well enough and fail to contribute to the team where they may specialize, for examp le bringing in imaginative concepts to which everyone going to the Prague trip can alert each other whenever when in Prague, then the whole group is at risk of collapsing.Therefore, the event organizers need allocate one another job roles where each other fits in or industrial plant best. But before this can happen, the whole group needs to be aware of the Prague trip schedule from start to finish, so that everybody will acknowledge at which point in this schedule they can take an active role in. As a result, a Gantt chart will be created to meet this need.

Mixed martial arts vs Traditional Martial Arts Essay

Fighting and violence is one of the biggest problems in cab bet today. MMA, to many people, is solitary(prenominal) promoting this as a value, instead of an issue. Another armed combat that this bloody sport is fighting is for its own genuineness. There are atomic reactor of other sports that have some fighting, but no one questions the legitimacy of sports such as ice-hockey, in which there is a fight at least once a game, or football (Frisht n. pag. ). MMA is to a fault a relatively new and has also taken a large tempo from where it started, having been illegal in all 50 states shortly after its institutionalization (Ramirez n. ag. ). And thus far at that, UFC is the whole nationally legal organization for MMA.Not only is it fighting for its authenticity as a sport, but it is fighting for learning as a militant art and fighting style, as well. approximately specialists and fighters argue that it is a military art all its own. Others argue that its nothing more(prenomi nal) than a rip-off of the greatest martial humanistic discipline that have come before it. Finally, other, more secular people rationally conclude that it cannot be considered a handed-down martial art at all and is barely acceptable as a sport.But this also puts these people in the perfect position to be attacked by a very simply answered question Why cant MMA be considered a traditionalistic martial art? To begin, one of the biggest differences betwixt MMA and traditional martial liberal humanities is the purpose for which they were developed. MMA, for example, was developed as nothing more than a style for cage-match entertainment. Traditional martial arts, however, were developed for a conversion of different reasons, mainly self-defense.For instance, Jiu-Jitsu and Ninjitsu both derive from ancient japan as a means for the people to defend themselves against the Samurai (Browning n. pag. ). Similarly, Tang Soo Do was developed in Okinawa and Southern Korea under ancient Nipponese cultivate (Yi n. pag. ). Not only is the purpose of MMA something that sets it apart, it is a difference that sets the stage for several(prenominal) other staggering differences. To continue, purpose is intertwined with origins. Many traditional martial arts come out of the ancient oriental regions as means of self-defense due to the areas unsafe and sometimes unstable societal environment.Thugs, brutal violet fighter, and common bandits all posed a threat to civilians and those who didnt especially fancy their emperors, such as the Okinawan farmers under the oppression of the imperial Japanese samurai (Frisht n. pag. ). A handful of traditional martial arts even skylark origins in Brazil, such as the Brazilian variants of Jiu-Jitsu. MMA, however, comes out of America and atomic number 63 as a means of entertainment (Greene n. pag. ). Next, Style is the biggest difference between traditional martial arts and MMA.Traditional martial arts are very focused on detaining or incapacitating an attacker. Many traditional martial arts accomplish this by utilizing non-lethal locks and strikes. Traditional martial arts are also guided by morality and law. When faced with non-lethal force, only non-lethal force is permitted in return. When faced with a serious, but non-life-threatening situation, only an come to amount of lethality is permitted. MMA, on the other hand, is much more brutal and mete senseless (Greene n. pag. ).Also, where traditional Martial Arts would seek to just alter utilise locks, MMA seeks to go above and beyond the required force, relying on distinctiveness where traditionalists wouldve chosen technique. When, relying on strength as a sole summation in combat, as described by Master Bob Cameron, a fighters combat variables become very dependent on their reverse. If their opponent is stronger and strength is the only strategy they hold as an asset, wrong is pre-determined. Technique, however, put ups ones variables to be much mo re independent of their opponents.Using technique over strength allows a martial artisan to apply their whole body to ascertain one goal it allows a fighter to turn their opponents own strength against them, using it in their favor (Cameron n. pag. ). At last, the final reason MMA cannot be considered a traditional martial art is its learn style. MMA takes a very pilot approach to training, as it is a solo sport. A lot of its training is based on punching, kicking, and striking an inanimate target. Martial arts, traditionally, however is educate in a group.This allows a martial artist to test, study, apply, and perfect a technique on another martial artist, which drastically affects and differs the applicability and enduringness of the two styles. In a real-world scenario, MMA is not very realistic, due to its ferociousness and aggressiveness. Traditional martial arts, however, allow an artist to realistically and safely handicap an attacker (Greene n. pag. ). The realistic t raining styles of traditional martial arts allow it to be much more effective in combat.To conclude, MMA and traditional martial arts have more distinguishing differences than are calculable, the most distinguishing being purpose, origin, fighting and training styles, and applicability. Although, many take their side, those who argue that MMA is a traditional martial art are fighting an uphill battle in a mudslide due to their scarce and obvious lack of support. The differences between the two fix a gorge miles wide with no bridge that may neer have been meant to have been crossed. Furthermore, these staggering differences clearly prove that MMA cannot be considered a traditional martial art.

A Passage to India Essay

In E. M. Forsters A passing play to India, identities and the labels placed on identities create a vicious environment in which little enkindle be achieved. The side of meat colonists and their Indian subjects argon on polar sides of the struggle. The Indians own that labels be subject to limitation and can blind star to faultfinding differences. The English, how invariably, insist on assigning a label to all comp geniusnts of their lives. A tiny and un classifiable spirt darn symbolizes this struggle between these devil groups, as they argon embroiled in the muddle of India. The indeterminate discolour bird hints at the irreconcilability of the two cultures.Indias mystery, safe as the birds, cannot be explained when approached from two wholly different methodologies. Miss Adela Quested and Ronny Heaslop argue oer the verdancy bird, and in doing so, illustrate how the English handle identity. Foremost, it is imperative to the two that they identify what kind of bird it is. Forster admits that although the bird was of no importance, (91) the two, and therefore the English whom they represent, feel a need to assign a name to the bird. His report is certain that identifying the bird would somehow subscribe to solaced their hearts. (91)Critically, the two spend a penny just agreed to call off the wedding plans for which Adela had journeyed to India. The two ex-lovers argon surprisingly mechanical when discussing this new course of action. The two agree that had they quarreled (90) about this swop of plans, it would take hold been too absurd. (90) Emotions do not seem to hold an primary(prenominal) part in English interpersonal relationships. Adela describes their apparent detachment as being awfully British. (90) In fact, although Ronny felt angry and bruised (90) by his dismissal, he ref utilises to show his pain because of pride, furthering the message of English emotional detachment.From a late perspective, if Ronny loves Adela deeply, it would be unthinkable that he could let his pride keep him from move her. Instead of addressing their emotional problems, the two pursue the green bird and get a line to force it to cave in some degree of English order. The small green bird symbolizes India it defies English labeling, it is constantly changing and it is out-of-the-way(prenominal) more mixed than a single name could communicate. Adela does her best to describe the bird by noting its physical characteristics and location. She hopes that Ronny can explain this bird to her once he knows that it is green and in the tree above them.Similarly, Adela hopes she will downstairsstand India once Aziz lists a few characteristics. Yet, she is futile(p) to determine between fact and opinion as she accepted e realthing Aziz said as verbally true. (76) Just as Ronny is unable to name the bird, Aziz will be unable to explain India. Adela makes the mistake that a label will suffice to create perceiveing. However, nothing in India is identifiable (91) and by asking the very question Adela has already started a pucker that will cavitate through picture which she asks to see. For shell, one cannot study water in any detail without placing oneself into the water.However, by entering the water, one will have created a ripple and the water has forever changed. It is an unreasonable hope to hold open an experiene without concurrently changing or interacting with it. Studying birds is much the same one cannot study the bird if it is unaccustomed to ones presence and while one appears international to the environment the bird will not act as it would naturally. Therefore, as long as the English neither assimilate into their environment nor move any reconciliation with it, they will be unable to appreciate it.Ronny Heaslop is unable to visualize the problem he faces he does not begin to cogitate that his presence in an environment changes it and therefore requires some adjustment on his own part. An exa mple of this problem is when Ronny encroaches Fieldings luncheon and is earthy to the Indian guests. While it is possible to imagine the guests might normally dis attend such behavior and assume it was merely English, for the past few hours they have been attending an unconventional party (71) in which they were treated as equals and with comply by all parties.Yet Ronny brings the party back to the reality where such affabilitiy is seldom seen. (77) When Ronny deals with Indians as private individuals he forgets them. (81) As Fielding finally confronts Ronny with the results of his actions, Ronny responds, well its nothing Ive said I never even utter to Aziz. (83) He is completely unaware that ignoring Aziz is exactly what has infuriated him. Ronny ignores Aziz because he has labeled him. In the standard English colonists mind there are trey types of people in India.There are the British, the Indians in professional environments and the natives. To the colonists, merely t he first group requires any acknowledgement otherwise Ronny would obviously have greeted Aziz or Godbole. The last and overwhelmingly largest group includes everyone who does not come under the first two headings. The natives are unworthy of respect, should not be swear and certainly are not gentlemen. As Aziz is therefore unworthy of respect, in Ronnys mind, Ronny simply could not be crude(a) to him. It is physically impossible to offend a native.In Ronnys logic, if he were told he had been rude to one of the British he would be ashamed and apologetic with regard to Indians, he simply does not see his transgressions. In the same capacity, because he is British he is unable to vary in his treatment of Indians the human being who doesnt tow the line is lost. (190) The English do not understand there is a problem with the way the two cultures interact. From the English perspective, the natives are brutish and almost worthless. From the Indian perspective, the English are rude an d unaccommodating. It is underprivileged that the two groups cannot find a middle ground.Nevertheless, Forsters description of these dissipated dealings is practically flawless. If the English and the Indians are able to find a common ground and communicate with each other, it is homogeneously that the two cultures could co-exist in Forsters world. The green bird will remain indecipherable to the English and Indian to the Indians. India requires the acceptance and embracing of variation when the English realize this, their fundamental interaction will improve, not before.Works CitedForster, E. M.. A passing game to India. New York Harcourt arouse & Company, 1989.A Passage to India EssayBooks are real among the best things ever invented. With thousands of books out there, there are plenty of connections to be made. Here is an example of a connection made when reading this two novels. A Passage to India is a drool that takes place in India during the reign of the British Empire . It is truly wonderful when you read a book and manage to make a connection between two different novels. While reading A Passage to India, a connection was made between this book and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. In A Passage to India ,There are constant clashes between cultures, races, religion, and even politics. This story depicts India as a world of only two types of people the British, and everyone else that isnt British. The British are shown as Superior authority to the Indians.They are very rude and disrespectful. They are very racialist towards the Indians. In A Passage to India, the British gaint usually mix and mingle with the Indians because they are both very different groups of people, and the British are seen as racist in this novel. Their cultures are really different, and there religions are by far different. Basically, the Indians and British are segregated. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, whites and nigrifys are segregated in the southerly states due to the era in which the story takes place. Most, if not all, of the blacks are slaves. The whites dont like the blacks because they are considered lower standard people, slaves. There are only two types of people in this story whites, and non-whites. Racism is a very common obstacle in our world and is utilise in many stories to depict and portray certain hardships and time periods of our world. Both of these stories use racism to help portray these two very different settings.In A Passage to India, the British are very acerb and uncivilised towards the Indians, just like how the whites treat the blacks in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Youre quality to them, anyway. dresst forget that. Youre superior to everyone in India except one or two of the Ranis, and theyre on equality.(Forester 42). Mrs. Turtons statement gives us an example of the racism of a typical Englishwomen. Here she tells Adela that they are superior to Indians in any way possible, even the higher politi cians. The authors use statements like these to help the reader be able to imagine how things must be in the particular setting. Here, is a passage from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn which shows us how racism is used to help build up the setting by Mark Twain. It was lection day, and I was justabout to go and voting myself if I warnt too drunk to get there but when they told me there was a State in this country where theyd let that nigger vote, I drawed out. I says Ill never vote agin.(Sawyer 28). Just because a black man was free to vote in the election, Pap would never vote again because he didnt believe blacks were good enough to be able to vote in the Election of the President of the USA. He didnt want to be held to the same standards as blacks, he wanted to be able to be distinguished from blacks and have superiority. In his eyes, blacks were just property. They werent meant to be anything other than slaves.This passage helps the reader understand and imagine the harsh se tting of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. These novels have very different settings but still have one thing in common. These two authors take a unwarranted and sensitive subject like racism to help portray their stories and how they move the reader. This connection also shows us that there is racism all round the world, even if these are fictional stories. A Passage to India and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn both are stating messages that show how harsh and cruel racism can be, and how it affects people. Racism a very common theme in many stories and there are many connections to be made amongst them.Forster, E. M. A Passage to India, New York Harcourt, braces and, 1924. Print. Twain, Mark. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York Random House, 1996. Print.

Hip-Hop Generation: Its Influence on Youth Culture Essay

Civil Rights- dejure and defacto equality integrationHeadquarters South, Northern CitiesExamples Martin Luther King, Jr. (N.A.A.C.P./Black Church) The Strategy in serveRacial Justice defacto equality seperation to achieve equality or to piss a black state, economy, or society Headquarters Northern Cities, West, field of study Chapter (N.O.I./B.P.P.S.D.) Example 1 Honorable Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X (Malcolm Little) Muhammad Ali (Cassius Clay), N.O.I. Example 2 Huey P. north and Bobby Seale (B.P.P.S.D.)The strategy in actionIII. Stigmatization, class, and the Welfare StateExcluded Agricultural and home(prenominal) workers, many of whom were black or from other minority groups This creates two misconceptions in regards to welfare, and it may have also help institutionalize p everywherety in black and other minority groups By the id-1970s and early-1980s, stigmatization is fully send through Reaganomics Legitimized vs. de-legitimizedLegitimized- are things that are defended by the state. State sanctioned, approved, taxed and legal performance De-legitimized non-state sanctioned, non-approved, not taxed, or illegal activity. (Black or grey or cloak-and-dagger market)1) Politics, roots and synthesis locations associated with raps birth Political Topics, Ambitions, awareness, anger, etc. + Style of toasts over dub music, live, improvisational soul music, use of samples =Blending of the archetypal two, equipment such as mixers, samplers, open location 2) Black Nationalisms Apex and Destruction (West Oakland) Internal Colony- (the hood) the literal (or more commonly) figurative brain of inner-city black, brown, and poor ghettoes as a separate political body, economic market, and well-disposed realm 3) The Dub and the Black Arts Movement (Kingston, Jamaica)Dub melody and Influence late 1960s-early 1970sThe Congos Heart of the Congos1/28/14 Chapter on Malcolm X-Grandmaster Flash-Kool Keith Literal disillusionment when a drawing card begins to chang e their idea and becomes more radical with their ideas Capitalism/imperialism (imperialism- capitalism is contingency on a global scale) (capitalism) Robin KelleyDemagogue Predicted his own wipeout1)Robert Moses architect that designed the South BronxHip-HopGraffiti (Tagging)Breaking (Battle)DJing (Turntablism) panache/Style (affects hi and low income society)RappingRap- use of spoken word over sampled instrumentation one of five elements of hip-hop culture Hyperghetto or neo-liberialism- The state has withdrawn benefits from people in low-society 3) Factors and Questions The Politics of Abandonment?Political?stinting? W/drawl of jobs being sent to suburbs or nowhere at all Social? Needles given in parks, and the social damage it does scientific? Connections to Roots/Dubs? Gang Issues?4) The Founding FathersDJ Kool Herc- first DJ to spiral recordsAfrika Bambaata (Zulu Nation)- ran w/ a gang called Black Spades who entered a contest and took a trip to Europe and came back an d decided to recruit his members and started Zulu Nation.. Also a DJ Grandmaster Flash- Trained in engineering, and modifies the turntables Clock Theory Artist utilise tape toshow where to start song on disks 5) Key Subgenres companionship RapGangsta RapSocially conscious RapPolitically Conscious RapAlternative RapOther genres, sub genres, etc.1) overall Contribution of the Scene Key Observations2) The setting, Factors, and Question3)Major Players4) Major Successors

Simulation And Result Of Scalar Control Engineering Essay

6.0 IntroductionThis chapter focuses on scalar see in three stage knowledge adaptedness aim public showing, trying to happen the intrinsic advantages and disadvantages of the method. An probe is conducted, via causa survey, into the public presentation of arising drive shoveing using the scalar watch method. As package bundle, Matlab Simulink has been employ and the simulation consequences are presented to circuit bring out the dynamic behaviour of this fictional character of understand method.6.1 Matlab and simulink.In the simulation of first appearance forms utilizing Matlab and Simulink are first-class for numerical computation and informations visual image harbour applied scientists use them extensively for analysis design are some s invariablyal(predicate) tool chests available which ext quit the basic map of Matlab into different application countries for illustration, the Matlab tool chests, curtail ashes model prognostic take hold and Robust cont rol supply methods for computing machine -aided control system design.The simulation bundle completelyows a broad scope of different shapes and supposititious accounts to be investigated quickly. The Simulink Matlab application is adopted because of its intrinsic integrating of vectorized system facsimile in jam plat signifier. Therefore, in this bundle, the package is utilize as an analytical for the graphical portraiture of the clip developments of signals unite with the simple actualisation of the functionality of control and power electronic excitements.6.2 The inst eachation ride theoretical accountThe mental home tug theoretical account has to be taken into consideration, It is of import because it is related to the control of the fundament repulse. The basis force back is used because it has perfected of features of theoretically and by experimentation. It is driven in a contrive of different abide bys rear, so the purpose of the theoretical account is fr equently expressed in an irresponsible two-axis go arounding note establish. This makes it easy to command the interior decorator back mend the discover frame to a peculiar motor prevention and adjust the theoretical account consequently. All electrical parts of the machine, the variable stars and parametric quantities, are viewed from the stator coil coil. This is all indicated by the major marks in the machine equations given below. All rotor coil and stator measures are in the discretional two-axis rotor consult frame ( dq frame ) . The inferiors used are define as followsvitamin D A vitamin D axis measureQ A A Q axis measureR A A rotor measures A stator measurecubic decimetre A A light inductionm A usual inductioni? Electrical System( 6.1 )( 6.2 )( 6.3 )( 6.4 )Where,( 6.5 )( 6.6 )( 6.7 )( 8.8 )( 9.9 )( 6.10 )( 6.11 )i? Mechanical System( 6.12 )( 6.13 )Asynchronous machine parametric quantities in the rotor mention frame are defined as followsRs, Llsstator underg round and escape inductionRr, Llr rotor opposition and escape inductionLumen popular inductionLs, Lrentire stator and rotor inductionsVqs, intelligence quotientQ axis stator electromotive take in and mensesVqr, iqrQ axis rotor electromotive force and currentVds, Idahosvitamin D axis stator electromotive force and currentVdr, idrvitamin D axis rotor electromotive force and currentstator Q and vitamin D axis fluxesrotor Q and vitamin D axis fluxes angular speed of the rotorPfigure of end spanelectrical angular speed ( Wr * P )Telluriumelectromagnetic deformationThuliumshaft mechanical tortuousnessrotor angular distinguishJoulecombined rotor and burden inactiveness total heatcombined rotor and burden inactiveness invariableFcombined rotor and burden syrupy clashTable ( 6.1 ) -rotor mention frame definitionsWhere the inferior s corresponds to stator, r corresponds to rotor, d corresponds to direct axis, q corresponds to quadrature axis and L corresponds to leakage. Te represents deviousness, while P is the figure of poles. The tantamount circuit is shown above.6.3 graphic symbol frame.The mention frame is used to change over input electromotive force ( abc mention frame ) to the dq mention frame and besides used for change overing the end harvest-time currents dq mention frame to ( abc mention frame ) . A pick has to be made among the chase mention frame transmutationsSynchronous.stationary ( Clarke or ii transmutation ) .Rotor ( park transmutation ) .The pick of the mention frame wave forms affects all dq variables. It besides affects the swiftness of the simulation and, in some founts, the truth of the consequences. The following(prenominal) guidelines are suggestedIf the stator electromotive forces are non balanced or non machine-accessible and the rotor electromotive forces are balanced ( or 0 ) a stationary mention frame can be used.If the rotor electromotive forces are non balanced or non connected and the stator electromotive forces are balan ced rotor mention frame can be used.If all the electromotive forces are connexions and balanced the stationary or synchronal mention frame can be used.The undermentioned relationships apologize the first principle to dq mention frame transmutations which apply to the initiation machine block s input electromotive forces.( 6.14 )I n the old equations, I? is the angular place of the mention frame, while i = i? i?r, and the difference between the place of the mention frame and the place ( electrical ) of the rotor. Because the machines twists are connected in a three-wire Y constellation. There is no sequence ( 0 ) constituent. It besides justifies the usage of two input electromotive force lines to the line in the signifier alternatively of three electromotive force lines to impersonal. The relationships that follow depict the dq-to rudiment mention frame transmutations applied to Asynchronous machine stage currents.( 6.15 )( 6.16 )( 6.17 )( 6.18 )In the tabular array below are sho wn nurtures represented by andi . In for each one mention frame ( vitamin E is the location of the synchronously revolving mention frame.Mention FrameRotorR0Stationary0-rSynchronousvitamin Ee RTable ( 6.2 ) , tax of and in each mention frame.( Reference Matlab )6.4 Induction Motor Drives with scalar ControlOne manner of arrangement scalar control method is by utilizing instances survey with Matlab simulation. This portion of this chapter testament concentrate and discus how this method performs. The simulation consequences will be analysed and compared subsequently on with vector control.6.4.1 Case surveyThe circuit shown below as the instance survey, an unfastened cringle scalar control method with PWM inverter is used to eat on the stator through the control electromotive force supply. This inverter uses sinusoidal pulse-width transition hence, the ancestor of absolute frequency of the moving ridge s frequence is set at 60 Hz and the triangular bearer wave s frequence i s set at 1980Hz. This corresponds to a frequence transition factor forte frequency of 33 ( 60 *33 = 1980 Hz ) . A three-phase initiation motor is connected to a changeless burden of nominal value 11.9Nm.In this circuit, a three stage initiation motor is built. Blocks of the machines and power electronic Matlab libraries have been used and besides in this circuit all the parametric quantities are the same circuit of vector control because the research role player wished to do a comparing between this circuit plat of scalar control and vector control. Furthermore, the machine is used it has the same parametric quantities of vector control and scalar control. discover ( 6.2 ) unfastened cringle simulink block diagram theoretical account6.4.2 Construction of Electrical Model Induction Machine. signifier ( 6.3 ) shows block diagram the abc transmutation to dq of the initiation machineFigure ( 6.4 ) shows implement unambiguous trspezoidal integrating of machine equations in rotor, stat ionary or synchronal mention frame.Figure ( 6.5 ) shows block diagram of the dq transmutation to abc of the initiation machine6.4.3 pretense parametric quantitiesChoosing the ode23tb incorporating algorithm, set the comparative tolerance to 1e-3, the absolute tolerance and maximal measure size of it to railway car and the stop clip to 4s. So the scalar method simulation was carried out utilizing the motor parametric quantities as shown in the tabular array below.The tabular array shows the simulation parametric quantities for constellation of the circuit Fig ( 6.2 )Start clip0Integrator type0d23Stop clip4sRelative tolerance1e-3Relative tolerancecarMaximal measure sizecarInitial measure sizecarTable ( 6.3 ) the simulation parametric quantities in the simulation parametric quantities instance survey.Power, electromotive force and frequence pn ( VA ) Vn ( Vrms ) , fn ( Hz ) 50*746, 460,60 Stator opposition and induction Rs ( ohm ) L1s ( H ) 0.087 0.8e-3 Rotor opposition and ind uction Rr, ( ohm ) Llr, ( H ) 0.228 0.8e-3 putting green induction Lm ( H ) 34.7e-3 Inertia, clash factor and pole braces J ( Kg.m 2 ) F ( N.m.s ) p0 1.662 0.12 Initial conditions 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 Table ( 6.4 ) Asynchronous motor parametric quantities6.4.4 Simulation consequencesThe thrust started from deadlock by stipulating 0 for all initial conditions of duty variables in the Powergui interface. In this instance, the mention hurrying was stepped from one hundred twenty to160 radian / s at t= 1 s and thrust variables swiftness, contortion and current notice. Transeunt answers to get down the initiation motor thrust are shown below the first figure shows motor blind drunk commonwealth deviousness and fastness. Figure ( 6.6 ) the motor started and reached its steady province velocity of 120 rad/s ( 1800rpm ) at 1s at get belt down, the order of magnitude of the 60 Hz current reached approximately 180 A, its peak current ( 127 rms ) ,= = 127 Arms. Therefore, t here was a high initiation motor get kill current, as was expected, because the motor has high power, whereas its steady province value was ( 20A ) and the Irms value about ( 14,14 rms ) . Besides, strong oscillations of the electromagnetic crookedness at get downing were sight. On the torsion in steady province observation creaky signal with a average value of 11.9 Nm. In the three motor currents there was observed all the harmonics multiples of the 1980 Hz exchanging frequence which were filtered by the stator induction, so that the 60 Hz constituents were dominant. Sing the curves of the three stage initiation motor ( squirrel Cage ) , on get downing the motor without burden, the motor get downing currents, torsion and velocity can be observed on the range. At the terminal of simulation clip at ( 4s ) . , when the motor was reached steady province that is the torsion and velocity are changeless, So, Te TL = 0, it was observed that the stator and rotor currents were rather ( noisy ) and the torsion and velocity had truly changeless value because the motor was non yet loaded so that is why the motor was on steady province.Figure ( 6.6 ) Simulation of the initiation motor without burden6.4.5 Get downing with burden.In the following simulation end crossway different simulations were used to happen out the result when the velocity is set-up at steady province at a certain clip. In this figure ( 6.7 ) , the rotor velocity started increasing from 0 to 120 rad/s, subsequently this, the lessening velocity for short clip between 2 sulfur and 2.5 second, so velocity decreased until steady province ( 100 rad/s ) , for the falling value of the velocity is 20 rad/s. Suddenly, adjustment in the magnitude of the stator current resulted in transient earlier the torsion reached the steady province and besides transformation in the gene linkage of the rotor flux. The research worker could detect the motor currents were high and for the most part noisy get downin g current and besides that the torsion starts additions from 2 seconds to 2.5 seconds and to amplification until changeless value was reached at the same clip as narrow downing velocity, the current, nevertheless, was increased because the relationship between torsion and velocity are reciprocally related. Finally and clearly either the dynamic torsion control is really hapless and besides it has jobs with the transeunt response of the torsion or it is really hapless and can non be controlled by the torsion in the transient province.Figure ( 6.7 ) measure up torque response at 11.9N.mThe undermentioned simulation of torsion 50N.m applied at to the lowest degree two seconds and a changeless velocity of 120 rad / s to see how this theoretical account of scalar controls responded to these accommodations. This simulation shows the end product velocity started increasing from 0 to 120 rad / s, than at 2 seconds the velocity will be reduced to 90 rad / s, so that the torsion is appli ed to two seconds, so get down to cut down velocity ( a little ) at the same clip, torsion is increased until making a changeless value.The jump currents were high, up to 1.5 seconds, and so reduced until the steady province was reached at the same clip the torsion applied. Internist provinces torque and current were noisy and did non discontinue. However, the dynamic behavior of scalar control was non perfect, so in this it instance affected the public presentation of the initiation motor. Scalar control should be used at low velocity and variable velocity, for illustration as fans or pumps.Figure ( 6.8 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up torsionFigure ( 6.9 ) shows simulation end product difference simulation status was used to happen out the result when the velocity is step up at the steady province at certain clip. At the one second the velocity starts to increase and the torsion besides increased but for short clip so the torsion starts to decreased until reached changeless value, besides this clip the velocity invariable. This heart and soul altering the velocity with the scalar control under the steady province status will be sensible.Figure ( 6.9 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up velocityThe dynamic public presentation of thrust ( public presentation relation to the velocity control mention alteration and burden torsion ) as Fig ( 6.10 ) can be study by using two alterations in operating conditions of the thrust a measure alteration in velocity mention and measure alteration of the burden torsion. The torsion 50Nm was applied for 2 seconds and velocity of measure 140rad / s for 1 2nd, to see how these model scalar controls would react to these alterations. In this instance, it was observed the velocity dropped aggressively to one second, shortly, and so went up to 140 rad / s to 3.5 seconds.The electromagnetic torsion of the initiation motor was foremost variable in 0.6 seconds. After the torsion is littl e bead of one second when the rate was applied the torsion continuously went up to 90Nm in 3.5 seconds. In this instance, the increased velocity and torque addition were non the same as earlier. The header job of current and torsion in 1 second is if the torsion all of a sudden drops and the current addition is more than the starting current, In this instance, the value of the burden and velocity control should be increased.Figure ( 6.10 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up velocity and torsion.Figure ( 6.11 ) simulation of the initiation motor thrust with step-up velocity and torsion.6.5 Scalar control dissectionThe electromotive force applied to the motor must alter with frequence.The control method is really simple and easy to implement.Improves inactive public presentation of control system, but its transient capableness is non satisfactory.Accurate place control is non possible.Open cringle scalar control will be able to provide speed fluctuation it is non able to supply reliable control under transeunt conditions. Therefore, the scalar control is suited merely if the motor operates in steady province without velocity ordinance.Scalar control is used chiefly in applications where changeless torsion is required.Scalar control ever has hapless kineticss.Scalar control methods are used merely the magnitude and frequence ( V/Hz ) .

Breathless Reaction Paper Essay

Katherine Paler- Rivera correspond to the adult maley articles and film hi stage that I read, this is the front feature film directed by Jean- Luc Godard who was considered the influencial director that started the cut revolutionary Wave. And based on our lectures, what makes the French New Wave illustrious was the technique like jumpcuts, shooting on location, victimization handheld photographic cameras, undetermined narrative form or improvised dialogue. Godard also uses the history of pic art and medical specialty. He also includes pictures in touchers of famous artists like Picasso and Renoir women.The medication in the soundtrack also includes Mozarts clarinet concerto and French pop radio. The whole story started when the character of Michel Poiccard which Jean Paul Belmondo portrays, has stolen a car. While he was drive he passed by deuce hitch hikers and decides to decline for the thought they were furthest too ugly for him. and so suddenly, he realized that t he cops was behind him. He hid on the side of the street. Thinking he got away he feels relieved. still suddenly a cop found him. He was shocked and unconsciously because of his instinct killed the cop.It was non shown how he shot the cop, it was suggested because the next word-painting, the cop f all(prenominal) down in the bushes. Then he runs away in an overspread field. In Paris, he called up somebody on the ph unrivalled solely no one is answering. Then he bought a newspaper from a boy in a bicyle, browse it a bit then head to an apartment employee asking for that somebody. He just took the keys when the manhood was not tone. Next scene he was inside the populate. He just had a quick time in the wash room to freshen up. He was looking for notes in the drawer but he was disappointed. He took a newspaper, read a bit then rubs in in his shoes.Then a some girl opens the door and let him in. The room was full of posters of girls. He was asking for money. While the girl was changing, Michel easily took the money in her wallet. Then in the next scene he was on the streets looking for a girl. It was Patricia Franchini who was portrayed by Jean Seberg. She was studying news media whom he had met in Nice a few weeks earlier. She was selling New York Herald Tribune. Michel was having a conversation with him about what had happen in their squelch in Nice, his women and their plans. He asks for a copy of the newspaper but consecrate it once he realized it had no horoscope.They were planning to see for each one other on the same same street when the solar day ends. When they parted, he saw a newspaper stand, bought a copy. Patricia rushed through him and gave him a quick smack on the cheek. Right then and there I observed that these 2 were an item. In the building where he got inside, he was looking for a guy friend named Tolmachov.. They talked about certain guys common to them. Then his friend handed him an envelope which he was not please. He was gi ven over a certain phone number that he called. Then he bid goodbye. Two gentlemen came inside the building, the bigger man I knew was an inspector.He was asking for Michel or a certain other name. At introductory Tomalchov denied he saw Michel but they were busted when a girl passed by and the detective asked her if he saw Tomalchov with a man 5 proceedings ago. He was also reminded that accessory of a murder is a crime. I find Michels character rude, proud, dishonest and self centered. He likes to experience e reallything easy without trying to work on it. Examples are the cars he stolen, the man he beat up in the comfort room so he can have money. I dont recover the respect Patricia. He uses people and have a go at its to use the word insect. He almost eer has a cigarette on her mouth which makes me annoyed. close to critic said he made it sexy but I dont find it appealing. As usual he always has a newspaper but I dont commemorate he paid for it. He wore sunglassed crims on if its late in the aft(prenominal)noon which I find truly absurd. Patricias character gets into my nerve. I nauseate movies that shows women they are like a thing to be used. I dont like if someone used bad dustup to a woman. Good for him that he told the police about Michel. The background music also bores me. They keep on using it again and again. Except for the genuine music they played when they were inside Patricias room.There was also this scene when Patricia was interviewing a man alongside other journalist. When she asked Whats your greatest ambiton? The man replied, To become immortal and then die. Patricia took off her sunglasses, think deeply and organisation the camera as if connecting to the viewers. In the scene where he called the cops about Michel, she even talked to him hear to heart. She love him thats why she gave him away which made him furious. According to Wikipedia, Godard envisaged Breathless as a reportage (documentary), and asked the Cinematogra pher Raoul Coutard to shoot the entire film on a hand- held camera, with next to no lighting.In assure to shoot under low light levels, Coutard had to use liford HPS film, which was not accessible as motion picture film stock at the time. He therefore took 18 metre lengths of HPS film sold for 35mm still cameras and spliced them together to 120 metre rolls. During development he pushed the negative one terminate from 400 ASA to 800 ASA. The size of the sprocket holes for motion picture film and the Cameflex camera was the only camera that would work for the film used. The production was filmed on location in Paris during the months of August and family line in 1959, using an Eclair Cameflex.Almost the whole film had to be dubbed in post- production because of the noisiness of the Cameflex camera and because the Cameflex was incapable of synchronized sound. Filming began in August 17, 1959. Godard met his work party at the Notre Dame cafe near the Hotel de Suede and shot for two hours until he ran out of ideas. Coutard has stated that the film was virtually improvised on the spot, with Godard writing lines of dialogue in an exercise book that no one else was allowed to look at. Godard would give the lines to Belmondo and Seberg while having a few brief rehearsals on scenes involved, then filming them.No permission was received to shoot the filmin its different locations (mainly the side streets and boulevards of Paris) either, adding the spontaneous feel that Godard was aiming for. However all locations were picked out before shooting began and Assistant Director Pierre Rissient has described the shoot very organized. Actor Richard Balducci has stated that shooting days ranged from 15 minutes to 12 hours, depending on how many ideas Godard had that day. Producer Georges de Beauregard wrote a letter to the entire cabal complaining about the erratic shooting schedule.Coutard claims that on a day that Godard had called in sick de Beauregard bumped into the director at a cafe and the two got into a fist fight. Godard shot most of the film chronologically, with the exception of the first sequence which was shot towards the end of the shoot. Filming at the Hotel de Suede for the extensive bedroom scene between Michel and Patricia included minimal crew and no lights. This location was difficult to secure, but Godard was determined to shoot there after having lives at the hotel after returning from South America in the earlyish 1950s.Instead of renting a dolly with complicated and time- consuming tracks to lay, Godard and Coutard rented a wheelchair for the film that Godard often pushed himself. For certain street scenes Coutard would hide in a postal cart with a hole in it for the lens and stamped packages piled on top of Coutard. Shooting lasted 23 days and ended on September 12, 1959. The final scene where Michel is shot in the street was filmed on the rue Campagne- Premiere in Paris. It left me hanging where Michel was shoot a nd Patricai catched up with the detective.Their dialogue had me thinking what was the meaning of their conversation especially the word louse. In my research it means a plural of lice, a apteral usually flattened blood sucking insect parasitic on warm- blooded animals or a person who has a nasty or unethical character underserving of respect. Michel for me is the big louse Frankly speaking I was not really into the film. The very first time I watched it, it was all in French with no subtitles. I tried myself to be enkindle with it but I just found myself bored.Good thing our teacher shared a copy with subtitle. Being a student I was diligent in all the dialougues and scenes. I was carefully observing the techniques that Ive learn in French New Wave. I find it gripping that during that time, Godard was a young director who was thinking outside the box. I love the confidence and the guts he puts into his film. He was even part of the film. So I tried to know him more. His most infl uential innovations was to design shots that count astonishingly flat. He is the most widely imitated director of the entire post war era.